Which of the following IP address ranges does Class B cover?

Class B IP addresses are defined by the range of 128 to 191. This encompasses all addresses that start with the binary prefix 10, which corresponds to the decimal range provided. Class B is primarily used for medium to large-sized networks, offering a sufficient number of host addresses for organizations that require more than Class C but fewer than the maximum provided by Class A.

The choice of 128-191 captures both the starting and ending numerical boundaries of Class B, ensuring that any IP address within that range will conform to Class B's defined structure. It allows for a total of 16,384 possible networks, with each capable of hosting up to 65,534 devices. This makes it a very efficient choice for businesses with larger operational needs.

In contrast, the ranges provided in the other options correspond to different classes. The range of 0-127 represents Class A, 192-223 corresponds to Class C, and 224-239 is associated with multicast addresses. This illustrates how the classification of IP addresses is systematically organized based on their initial bits and intended usage.